M
MercyNews
Home
Back
Victoria de EE.UU. en Venezuela plantea dudas sobre las defensas aéreas rusas
Politica

Victoria de EE.UU. en Venezuela plantea dudas sobre las defensas aéreas rusas

Business Insider1h ago
3 min de lectura
📋

Hechos Clave

  • La operación de EE.UU. en Venezuela, conocida como Operación Resolución Absoluta, involucró más de 150 aviones en una misión compleja para capturar al ex presidente Nicolás Maduro.
  • Las fuerzas estadounidenses ejecutaron el asalto sin perder un solo avión frente a los sistemas de defensa aérea de fabricación rusa y los radares de fabricación china de Venezuela.
  • Siete soldados estadounidenses resultaron heridos durante la operación, destacando los riesgos involucrados a pesar del éxito general de la misión.
  • Las fallas en la defensa aérea venezolana se atribuyeron a problemas como inactividad, incompetencia y falta de cohesión funcional entre los diferentes sistemas.
  • Los radares chinos YJ-27, promocionados como capaces de detectar aviones stealth desde más de 150 millas de distancia, parecieron ineficaces durante el asalto de EE.UU.
  • Los expertos advierten que, aunque la victoria es significativa, puede no reflejar con precisión cómo se desempeñarían estos sistemas contra sus países de origen, Rusia y China.

Éxito de la Misión en Caracas

Una importante operación militar de EE.UU. en Venezuela ha concluido con una victoria decisiva, capturando al ex presidente Nicolás Maduro y a su esposa sin perder un solo avión frente a la red de defensa aérea del país. La misión, conocida como Operación Resolución Absoluta, involucró más de 150 aviones y exhibió un asalto complejo y multidominio sobre un objetivo fortificado.

A medida que las fuerzas de aprehensión se acercaban a la instalación militar Fuerte Tiuna en Caracas, los aviones estadounidenses desmantelaron sistemáticamente las defensas aéreas venezolanas para crear un corredor seguro para helicópteros de baja altitud. Los planificadores habían anticipado una resistencia significativa, pero la red enemiga capituló bajo la abrumadora presión de EE.UU.

El éxito de la operación ha atraído la atención de analistas de defensa en todo el mundo, planteando preguntas sobre la efectividad de la tecnología militar rusa y china en escenarios de combate del mundo real.

Una Masiva Campaña Aérea

El asalto fue una gran y compleja tarea que involucró una flota diversa de aviones. La fuerza incluía cazas stealth F-35 y F-22, aviones de combate F/A-18, aviones de ataque electrónico EA-18, aviones de alerta temprana y control aerotransportado E-2, bombarderos y varios drones. Esta combinación permitió un enfoque en capas para neutralizar las defensas.

Las fuerzas estadounidenses emplearon un sofisticado mix de herramientas para desactivar las defensas aéreas. Las tácticas clave incluyeron:

  • Misiles antirradiación AGM-88 diseñados para guiarse hacia las emisiones de radar
  • Interferencia electrónica para interrumpir las comunicaciones y el apuntado del enemigo
  • Ataques coordinados para abrumar las redes defensivas

A pesar del éxito de la misión, tuvo un costo. Un oficial de defensa confirmó que siete soldados estadounidenses resultaron heridos durante el asalto, un recordatorio de los peligros inherentes en tales operaciones.

"Parece que esas defensas aéreas rusas no funcionaron tan bien, ¿verdad?"

— Pete Hegseth, Secretario de Defensa de EE.UU.

Fallas Operacionales Venezolanas

Aunque el poder de combate de EE.UU. fue significativo, la victoria fue influenciada en gran medida por fallas críticas dentro de la propia postura defensiva de Venezuela. Mark Cancian, coronel de la Infantería de Marina retirado y experto en defensa del Centro para Estudios Estratégicos e Internacionales, señaló un error táctico evidente.

La tripulación venezolana aparentemente estaba despreparada, ya que ubicaron muchas posiciones de defensa aérea en medio de campos en lugar de bajo camuflaje.

Esta falta de ocultamiento hizo que los sistemas fueran excepcionalmente vulnerables a las fuerzas estadounidenses. Para empeorar las cosas, los informes indicaron que algunos sistemas de defensa aérea venezolanos ni siquiera estaban conectados a sus radares cuando llegó el poder aéreo de EE.UU.

Estas deficiencias operacionales apuntan a problemas más profundos y de larga data dentro de la red de defensa aérea de Venezuela. Los expertos han señalado durante mucho tiempo serios problemas con el mantenimiento y sostenimiento de sus defensas aéreas rusas y radares chinos, revelando una brecha significativa entre el potencial del equipo y su preparación real para el campo de batalla.

Evaluación de Sistemas Extranjeros

El desempeño de los sistemas rusos y chinos en Venezuela proporciona un punto de datos, pero uno que debe interpretarse con cautela. Antes del asalto, se evaluó que Venezuela poseía un formidable array de equipo, incluyendo baterías rusas S-300VM, sistemas Buk-M2 y lanzadores S-125 Pechora-2M, junto con radares chinos YJ-27.

China ha promocionado sus radares YJ-27 como de última generación, afirmando que pueden detectar activos stealth como el F-22 y el F-35 desde más de 150 millas de distancia y son resistentes a la interferencia. Sin embargo, en esta prueba del mundo real, los radares parecieron ser de poca utilidad.

Los desafíos enfrentados por las fuerzas estadounidenses en Venezuela no son aislados. Patrones similares han surgido en otros conflictos:

  • El poder aéreo israelí derrotó a las defensas aéreas rusas en Irán
  • Las operaciones de EE.UU. atacaron instalaciones nucleares iraníes bajo condiciones similares
  • Los sistemas rusos han sufrido pérdidas de combate en Ucrania, incluyendo unidades avanzadas S-400

Como enfatizó Michael Sobolik, investigador principal del Instituto Hudson, lo que importa más que las afirmaciones de marketing es cómo se desempeñan estos sistemas en un conflicto real.

Los Límites de la Lección

El consenso emergente entre los analistas es que estas variantes de exportación pueden manejar amenazas bajas y medias, pero luchan contra los ataques más desafiantes de naciones como Estados Unidos e Israel. Sin embargo, queda una advertencia crítica: el poder aéreo de EE.UU. y sus aliados aún no ha sido probado contra las capacidades completas de las redes integradas de defensa aérea rusa y china como serían desplegadas por sus militares de origen.

Houston Cantwell, general de brigada retirado de la Fuerza Aérea de EE.UU. y experto en el Instituto Mitchell para Estudios Aeroespaciales, enfatizó que mantener la ventaja tecnológica es primordial. Señaló al F-35 Lightning II como un ejemplo clave.

El F-35 ha demostrado una y otra vez que le da a sus combatientes una ventaja en el aire y reduce el riesgo para el combatiente mientras proporciona más opciones a los tomadores de decisiones políticas.

Se espera que la competencia continua en la operación y el mantenimiento de aviones avanzados le proporcione a EE.UU. una ventaja de poder aéreo sobre las defensas del adversario. Sin embargo, la medida en que la misión en Venezuela refleja realmente esta ventaja perdurable sigue siendo una pregunta abierta.

Puntos Clave

El asalto exitoso en Venezuela demuestra la potencia de las tácticas y tecnología militar moderna de EE.UU. cuando se aplican contra un adversario menos preparado. Subraya la importancia de la preparación operacional y las vulnerabilidades potenciales del equipo militar de modelo de exportación.

Sin embargo, la operación también sirve como una advertencia contra la sobrecarga de confianza. Las fallas del militar venezolano pueden haber sido tan decisivas como las fortalezas de la fuerza de EE.UU. A medida que los militares occidentales analizan esta victoria, deben equilibrar la confianza ganada con la comprensión de que los conflictos futuros contra adversarios de igual nivel presentarán un desafío mucho más formidable.

El camino a seguir no está en descansar sobre éxitos recientes, sino en continuar innovando y mantener el entrenamiento riguroso y la preparación que hicieron posible esta misión.

Continue scrolling for more

La IA transforma la investigación y las demostraciones matemáticas
Technology

La IA transforma la investigación y las demostraciones matemáticas

La inteligencia artificial está pasando de ser una promesa a una realidad en las matemáticas. Los modelos de aprendizaje automático generan teoremas originales, forzando una reevaluación de la investigación y la enseñanza.

Just now
4 min
388
Read Article
Politics

Trump accounts get supercharged by employer matches — some companies offer up to $1,000

A growing number of large employers have announced that they will match contributions to Trump accounts for their employees.

20m
3 min
0
Read Article
Apple to ‘unveil’ results of Google Gemini partnership as soon as next month: report
Technology

Apple to ‘unveil’ results of Google Gemini partnership as soon as next month: report

Earlier this month, Apple and Google officially announced that they’d be partnering together. Apple has long struggled with its own model development, so now, Google Gemini models will power future Apple Intelligence features, using Apple’s private cloud compute servers. Today, Bloomberg’s Mark Gurman reports that this partnership is on track to debut in iOS 26.4 beta as soon as next month, and Apple plans to demonstrate the features to the public in some capacity. He also reports some interesting new details on how this partnership came to be. more…

22m
3 min
0
Read Article
“An electrical ceasefire is needed”: warnings as Russia targets Ukraine’s power grid
Politics

“An electrical ceasefire is needed”: warnings as Russia targets Ukraine’s power grid

Russia’s strikes have hit Ukraine’s power infrastructure, leaving many communities without heat and electricity. For more, France 24’s Catherine Viette is joined by Peter Zalmayev from the Eurasia Democracy Initiative.

28m
3 min
0
Read Article
A look back at 19 of the biggest winter storms to hit the US in the last century
Science

A look back at 19 of the biggest winter storms to hit the US in the last century

Over 30 US states are preparing for Winter Storm Fern. New York Daily News Archive/NY Daily News via Getty Images Historic blizzards have caused fatalities, major damage, and lasting infrastructure changes. The Great Appalachian Storm of 1950 killed 383 people and dropped 62 inches of snow in some areas. A staggering 189 inches of snow fell on Mount Shasta, California, in 1959. The US is experiencing a potentially historic winter storm. As Winter Storm Fern sweeps across the country this weekend and into the start of the week, more than half of the US states are expected to be impacted by severe wintry weather, including ice, heavy snow, and dangerously cold wind chills. The worst snowstorms in the US since the 1920s have killed hundreds of people, caused billions of dollars worth of damage, and, for many who lived through them, been impossible to forget. Many of them have been blizzards. Meteorologist David Stark told The New York Times that means winds are at least 35 mph and visibility is less than 1/4 mile. As we wait to see the impact of this weekend's monster snowstorm, here are some of the worst snowstorms in recent US history. The Knickerbocker Storm of 1922 Buyenlarge/Getty Images From January 27 to January 29, this blizzard, which traveled up from the southeast US and centered on Washington, DC, dropped 24 inches of snow. Residents had no warning of the storm. On January 26, the Washington Times had predicted fair weather with slowly rising temperatures, per the National Endowment for the Humanities. The snowstorm was named Knickerbocker after the Knickerbocker Theatre in Washington, which collapsed because of the snow's weight on the theater's roof. The collapse killed 98 people who were inside watching a silent film called "Get Rich Quick, Wallingford," and left another 133 injured. Afterward, building codes were updated to require stronger roof support structures. The Armistice Day Blizzard of 1940 John Vachon/Getty Images On November 11, a fierce winter storm battered the Upper Midwest. Without much warning, temperatures suddenly dropped, snow began to fall, and the "winds of hell" — as reported by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel — began to blow. As much as 26.6 inches of snowfall were recorded, the National Weather Service said. According to a hunter who was stranded during the storm, only the tops of telephone poles could be seen above the snow, the St. Cloud Times reported. It came suddenly, catching people unaware, killing 49 people in Minnesota, per the Minnesota Star Tribune, and 150 in total. It also killed 1.6 million turkeys. The storm had lasting repercussions. To help with accuracy, local weather forecasting moved out of cities like Chicago to be more local so they could provide better predictions. The Great Appalachian Storm of 1950 AP Photo Starting November 24, 22 states felt the wrath of this slow-moving blizzard that the Washington Post called a "meteorological powerhouse." It's also been called the Great Thanksgiving Storm. The snowstorm covered an area from West Virginia to Pennsylvania and buried parts of it under as much as 62 inches of snow, per the National Centers for Environmental Information. High winds with gusts of up to 160 mph knocked over trees and caused almost 1 million power outages. It killed at least 383 people, caused hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of damage (in today's money), and became a weather prediction case study. Two cyclone researchers said it was the "benchmark" storm against which all other major 20th-century storms could be compared. The six-day snowstorm on Mount Shasta in 1959 Buyenlarge/Getty Images Beginning on February 13, and going for six days, 189 inches (about 16 feet) of snow fell on Mount Shasta, California. It holds the world record for the most snow falling in a single snowstorm, according to the Chicago Tribune. Since it fell on an uninhabited mountain, no deaths occurred. The Chicago Blizzard of 1967 Robert Abbott Sengstacke/Getty Images On January 26 and 27, Chicago saw its highest snowfall on record, with 23 inches, along with 53 mph wind gusts. The storm caught the city off guard, as it had experienced warm temperatures only two days earlier. The sudden, heavy fall left 50,000 cars abandoned, shops looted, and 650 students sleeping at school because buses couldn't get through the snow. Twenty-six people died, the Chicago Tribune reported. The 100-hour snowstorm of 1969 Boston Globe/Boston Globe via Getty Images From February 24 to February 27, snow fell in the northeast for 100 hours — or four days — straight, as reported by WBUR. On the first day, 4 feet of snow fell on Mt. Washington, New Hampshire. Another 4 feet fell over the next few days. Boston was hit with 26.3 inches, and Portland, Maine, had 26.9. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration rated this the worst snowstorm of the century based on factors including the amount of snow, the area affected, and the number of people affected. But the most important factor was its size — the storm was 4.5 times larger than the 1993 "storm of the century." However, it's a relatively unknown storm, since much of it was outside the northeast corridor. The Blizzard of 1977 1/29/1977-Lafayette, IN- As far as the eye can see, abandoned vehicles line snowbound I-65 near Lafayette in Central Indiana. Hundreds of truckers and motorists hav taken refuge in nearby towns waiting a break in the bitter sub-zero cold to resume their travels. Bettmann / Getty On January 28, a massive blizzard hit the US. Along with heavy snowfall, there were 70 mph winds. The Los Angeles Times reported that the storm was "a so-called perfect storm, a once-in-a-generation weather system combining an unlikely compilation of high winds, avalanches of snow and frigid temperatures." This storm was brutal in Buffalo, New York, because snow had fallen for 28 days before the storm, piling up on Lake Erie, perfectly placed to be blown about. The storm remained in the region for three days, per WGRZ. So many people abandoned their cars that one in five vehicles was illegally parked or abandoned across Buffalo. The storm killed 29 people, and six of them died in their cars, The New York Times reported. The Great Blizzard of 1978 Barbara Alper/Getty Images On January 26 and 27, Ohio and the Great Lakes faced one of the worst snowstorms of the century. According to the National Weather Service, "This once-in-a-lifetime storm will always be the standard by which the severities of all future winter storms to hit this region are judged." It was a "bomb cyclone," which means it developed very quickly. To get the name, atmospheric pressure has to fall by 24 millibars within 24 hours. During this storm, wind chills plunged to -50 degrees Fahrenheit. Even though only 7 inches of snow fell in Cincinnati, it was hit hard because there were already 14 inches on the ground, and 60 mph winds channeled it into snowdrifts that towered up to 25 feet high, The Cincinnati Enquirer reported. Across the region, motorways closed, and roofs and telephone lines collapsed. The snowstorm killed 70 people and caused about $2 billion worth of damage. The Megalopolitan Blizzard of 1983 Newsday LLC/Newsday RM via Getty Images From February 10 to 12, this snowstorm hit a wide area from Virginia to New England. In Washington, three airports, bus stations, and the subway system all had to close. It was particularly memorable since, along with a heavy blanketing of snow, there was thunder, too. The Washington Post reported that the "thundersnow along the Eastern Shore produced extremely strong winds and whiteout conditions." It caused 25-foot waves in the Atlantic Ocean and 55 mph winds that capsized a coal-carrying boat, killing 34 people. The Storm of the Century, 1993 David A. Rogers/Staff Photographer Beginning on March 12, the US had what is commonly referred to as the worst snowstorm of the 20th century. Snow covered areas from Florida to Maine, affecting more than 100 million people. Winds reached 100 mph. The New York Times described it as "a monster with the heart of a blizzard and the soul of a hurricane." Power cuts plunged 2.5 million homes into darkness and cold. The storm killed 300 people and caused at least $2 billion worth of damage. NOAA classed it as a Category 5 storm. It was the second-highest rated snowstorm (despite its name) after the 100-hour snowstorm in 1969. In Syracuse, New York, just under 43 inches of snow fell, while 20 inches fell through much of the northeast. It caused swells that a Coast Guard official told the Washington Post looked like "a big washing machine." The Blizzard of 1996 Barbara Alper/Getty Images From January 6 to 10, this vicious storm forced then-President Bill Clinton to shut down the government and declare nine states and DC as disaster areas. Heavy snowfall blanketed much of the Eastern Seaboard. In one day, Virginia had 20 inches of snow, while Newark had 28 inches fall over several days, and Philadelphia had 30 inches. The storm caught some people off guard, the Washington Post reported, since snow stopped long enough that some forecasters said it was over, only for 40 mph winds and more snow to return. Buildings, including barns and a church in Harlem, New York, collapsed. Four people died from heart attacks while clearing snow, according to The New York Times. In total, 154 people died. The Presidents Day Storm of 2003 New York Daily News Archive/NY Daily News via Getty Images For three days in February, including Presidents Day, a snowstorm caused delays and deaths across much of the Northeast. It began as a rainstorm, before the wet weather met arctic cold air and turned to snow … a lot of snow. In Maryland, a state highway supervisor told Fox News, "It's no man's land out there. It looks more like Siberia than Maryland." New York got 19.8 inches of snow, while a lucky ski resort in Pennsylvania got 40 inches of snow. In Boston, 27.5 inches of snow fell in 24 hours, which broke the city's record for snowfall in a single day, per the National Centers for Environmental Information. The storm caused 28 deaths, and at least 2,000 flights were canceled. The Blizzard of 2006 Ramin Talaie/Corbis via Getty Images On February 11 and 12, a massive snowstorm 1,200 miles long and 500 miles wide blanketed much of the country, from North Carolina to Maine, The New York Times reported. Winds reached 60 mph, up to 27 inches of snow fell, and more than 220,000 homes lost power. The storm brought thunder and lightning, too, which is known as "thundersnow." Hundreds of flights were canceled, and thousands were delayed. Snowmageddon, 2010 JEWEL SAMAD/AFP via Getty Images On February 5 and 6, Washington, DC, turned white as snow fell uninterrupted for 30 hours, the Washington Post reported. Just over 32 inches of wet, heavy snow were recorded. The snow's weight caused power outages for 200,000 properties, as well as the collapse of several churches and an airport hangar. Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and Pennsylvania all declared a state of emergency. It was named "Snowmageddon" by a group called Capital Weather Gang, because Washington wasn't equipped to deal with so much snow. The name was solidified when former President Barack Obama repeated it. The Christmas Blizzard of 2010 Andrew Burton/Getty Images On December 26 and 27, a blizzard blanketed New York City in up to 29 inches of snow, the New York Daily News reported at the time. Winds reached 60 mph, causing whiteout conditions, while tens of thousands of people lost power. Then-New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg told reporters, "It's hard to stand up in a 55-mile-an-hour wind, and particularly when the ground under your feet is slippery, so this really is dangerous." While it wasn't as savage as some of the other snowstorms on this list, it hit just after Christmas, causing travel chaos. The "Snovember" Storm of 2014 Gabe Souza/Staff Photographer Beginning on November 17 and lasting 5 days, a snowstorm battered Buffalo, New York, burying it under more than 7 feet of snow, the Weather Channel reported. Highways closed, 14 people died, and former President Barack Obama signed a disaster declaration to provide federal aid. This snowstorm was particularly cruel to Buffalo because of Lake Erie. At the time, the water was still reasonably mild. This warm water met incoming arctic air, the coldest it had been for that time of the year since 1986, and the mixture caused an extreme amount of snow to fall. It wasn't just Buffalo, though. Temperatures in every US state fell below freezing. Winter Storm Jonas, 2016 New Yorkers brave the Brooklyn Bridge. The first snow falls throughout the early morning as New York prepares for historic East Coast Blizzard. Louise Wateridge/Pacific Press/LightRocket / Getty This January winter storm, also known as Snowzilla, as reported by the Washington Post, affected over 102 million people and killed 52. A massive amount of snow fell: 24 million people were estimated to have come in contact with over 20 inches. Glengary, West Virginia, had the most snowfall, with 42 inches. In North Carolina, the storm's ice and wind knocked out the power at 150,000 homes. In Delaware, wind gusts were recorded at 75 mph. New Jersey faced intense flooding, with water surging higher than it did during Hurricane Sandy. According to the NOAA, it was one of the most powerful snowstorms in the northeast in 60 years. The Bomb Cyclone of 2018 A woman struggles with bags as she walks through the empty streets of Boston as the snow begins to fall from a massive winter storm on January 4, 2018 in Boston, Massachusetts. Spencer Platt/Getty This was a rapidly developing storm in January that covered more than 2,500 miles across the US, affecting 60 million people, the BBC reported. Along with heavy snowfall and 50 mph winds, the coast was rocked by swells, made even worse by unusually high tides. In Boston, a 3-foot storm surge smashed against the city. The storm caused more than 1 million children to miss school, and 4,000 flights to be canceled, per The New York Times. The Polar Vortex of 2019 Pedestrians walk through the falling snow in the Financial District, January 30, 2019 in New York City. Drew Angerer / Getty In late January, cold air from the Arctic descended onto North America, killing 21 people. Almost 2,000 flights were canceled, hundreds of schools were closed, and hundreds of cases of frostbite and hypothermia were reported, per The Guardian. Across the Midwest, more than 30 cold temperature records were broken. Illinois got hit particularly hard, with the city of Rockford recording -31 degrees Fahrenheit. Wind chills in Minneapolis-St. Paul plunged to -65 degrees Fahrenheit. Read the original article on Business Insider

28m
3 min
0
Read Article
Politics

Macron calls for ban on social media for under-15s to be in place by September

According to France's health watchdog, one in two teenagers spends between two and five hours a day on their smartphone.

29m
3 min
0
Read Article
Cop whose promotion is being blocked by Ben Gvir accuses him of threatening officers
Politics

Cop whose promotion is being blocked by Ben Gvir accuses him of threatening officers

Supt. Rinat Saban, whose advancement was stymied by police minister after testifying in PM's trial, speaks out for first time in court; Ben Gvir: AG's office acting like a 'mafia' The post Cop whose promotion is being blocked by Ben Gvir accuses him of threatening officers appeared first on The Times of Israel.

36m
3 min
0
Read Article
IDF: Wave of strikes target Hezbollah operatives, infrastructure across Lebanon
World_news

IDF: Wave of strikes target Hezbollah operatives, infrastructure across Lebanon

Military says one attack in south hit members of terror group at arms manufacturing site; Lebanese authorities say at least 1 dead The post IDF: Wave of strikes target Hezbollah operatives, infrastructure across Lebanon appeared first on The Times of Israel.

37m
3 min
0
Read Article
Ejército de China investiga al general de alto rango Zhang Youxia
Politics

Ejército de China investiga al general de alto rango Zhang Youxia

El ejército de China investiga al general Zhang Youxia por presuntamente socavar el liderazgo absoluto del Partido Comunista sobre las fuerzas armadas, en una acción disciplinaria significativa anunciada por los medios oficiales del EPL.

55m
5 min
1
Read Article
The great e-bike crackdown has begun
Politics

The great e-bike crackdown has begun

This is The Stepback, a weekly newsletter breaking down one essential story from the tech world. For more on the e-bike movement, follow Andrew J. Hawkins. The Stepback arrives in our subscribers' inboxes at 8AM ET. Opt in for The Stepback here. How it started Last week, I did something I don't typically do, which is call up one of my elected officials and yell at them about a new bill. New Jersey's car-brained lawmakers had just passed legislation that would impose heavy restrictions on e-bike ownership in the state, and I was livid. Obviously there's been a lot of concern about the growing number of teenagers being injured and killed w … Read the full story at The Verge.

55m
3 min
0
Read Article
🎉

You're all caught up!

Check back later for more stories

Volver al inicio