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أزمة صامتة في غزة: انخفاض درجات الحرارة يتسبب في وفيات وسط الحصار
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أزمة صامتة في غزة: انخفاض درجات الحرارة يتسبب في وفيات وسط الحصار

France 244h ago
3 دقيقة قراءة
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حقائق رئيسية

  • توفي على الأقل خمسة أشخاص في غزة بسبب انخفاض درجات الحرارة، مما زاد من الأزمة الإنسانية.
  • وثق اليونيسف مقتل أكثر من 100 طفل جراء العمليات العسكرية منذ بدء اتفاق وقف إطلاق النار.
  • تقيم أعداد كبيرة من السكان في خيام مؤقتة لا توفر ملاذًا كافيًا من الظروف الجوية القاسية.
  • تبقى العديد من المباني معرضة للانهيار بعد القصف الإسرائيلي، مما يشكل مخاطر مستمرة للمقيمين.
  • انهار جدار على خيمة يوم الثلاثاء، مما أدى إلى مقتل ما لا يقل عن أربعة أفراد في غزة.
  • لا يزال الحصار يقيد بشدة تدفق المساعدات الإنسانية الأساسية إلى السكان المتأثرين.

موجة برد قاتلة

على الرغم من وقف إطلاق النار الرسمي، تبقى ظروف غزة في حالة عدم استقرار خطيرة لآلاف السكان الذين يكافحون للبقاء على قيد الحياة في أعقاب القصف المستمر. لم يجلب الهدنه الهشة الأمان أو الراحة لسكان يواجهون الآن عدوًا صامتًا جديدًا: برودة الشتاء القاسية.

وفقًا لتقارير حديثة، توفي على الأقل خمسة أشخاص جراء انخفاض درجات الحرارة، مما يؤكد الفشل الحاد في البنية التحتية الأساسية والكارثة التي تسببها الحصار المستمر. بينما قد توقفت الضربات العسكرية، أصبح البيئة نفسه معاديًا، حيث تنهار الملاجئ المؤقتة تنخفض درجات الحرارة إلى مستويات خطيرة.

لا يزال الثمن البشري يتزايد يوميًا، خاصة بين الفئات الأكثر ضعفًا. الأطفال، الذين تحملوا بالفعل صدمات لا تُصدق، يموتون الآن بسبب التعرض للعوامل الجوية. وأكد اليونيسف مقتل أكثر من 100 طفل جراء العمليات العسكرية حتى بعد إقرار الهدنة، وهي إحصائية قاتلة توضح هشاشة الوضع الحالي.

العيش بين الأنقاض

يتميز منظر غزة بالدمار، حيث تحولت مساحات شاسعة من البنية التحتية إلى ركام. وفي غياب مساكن سليمة، أُجبر أعداد كبيرة من السكان على اللجوء إلى خيام مؤقتة. هذه الهياكل المؤقتة، التي غالبًا ما تكون مصنوعة من القماش البلاستيكي والمواد الخردة، لا توفر حماية تذكر ضد الطقس القاسي الذي يجتاح المنطقة.

يواجه السكان معركة ليس فقط ضد البرد، ولكن أيضًا ضد عدم استقرار المباني المحيطة بهم. العديد من المباني التي لا تزال قائمة تفتقر إلى السلامة الهيكلية، وهي تركة للقصف الإسرائيلي الشديد الذي سبق وقف إطلاق النار. تشكل خطر الانهيار تهديدًا دائمًا، مما حوّل الأحياء إلى فخاخ مميتة.

لقد أبرزت المخاطر التي يفرضها هذا البيئة بشكل مأساوي يوم الثلاثاء، عندما انهار جدار على خيمة، مما أدى إلى مقتل ما لا يقل عن أربعة أشخاص. يخدم هذا الحادث كتذكير صارخ بأن وقف الأعمال العدائية لم يزيل المخاطر الجسدية التي تواجه السكان.

  • ملاجئ مصنوعة يدويًا تفتقر للعزل
  • التعرض للمطر المتجمد والرياح
  • عدم استقرار المباني المحيطة
  • الوصول المحدود للملابس الدافئة والبطانيات

أطفال في أزمة

الطوارئ الإنسانية في غزة تكون أكثر حدة لأصغر سكانها. رفع اليونيسف ناقوس الخطر فيما يتعلق بالاستمرار في العنف الذي يمس الأطفال، حيث أفاد بمقتل أكثر من 100 قاصر جراء العمليات العسكرية منذ بدء الهدنة. تشير هذه البيانات إلى أنه على الرغم من الاتفاق الدبلوماسي، لا تزال القوة المميتة تؤثر على السكان المدنيين.

بeyond التهديد المباشر بالعنف، يعاني الأطفال بشكل غير متناسب من الأزمة البيئية. أجسادهم النامية أقل مرونة ضد البرودة الشديدة، ونقص المأوى الكافي والتغذية يجعلهم عرضة لانخفاض درجات الحرارة وأمراض أخرى مرتبطة بالطقس. العامل النفسي للعيش في ظروف غير آمنة هو أيضًا ضخم.

عدم القدرة على توفير مأوى آمن ودافئ لهؤلاء الأطفال يمثل فشلاً كارثيًا في الاستجابة الإنسانية، وذلك بشكل رئيسي بسبب القيود المفروضة بالحصار. تكافح منظمات المساعدات لتقديم الإمدادات اللازمة لإبقاء الأطفال دافئين وآمنين.

المساعدات مشلولة

جroot المعاناة يكمن في الحصار، الذي لا يزال يعيق وصول المساعدات الحيوية. على الرغم من أن وقف إطلاق النار أوقف القتال، إلا أنه لم يرفع القيود التي تمنع وصول الإمدادات الأساسية إلى الأراضي. هذا الاختناق هو المحرك الأساسي وراء ارتفاع عدد القتلى من أسباب يمكن الوقاية منها مثل انخفاض درجات الحرارة.

تواجه المنظمات الإنسانية تحديات لوجستية هائلة. بدون الوصول إلى مواد بناء مناسبة، لا يمكنهم بناء ملاجئ آمنة. بدون الوصول إلى المستلزمات الطبية، لا يمكنهم علاج المرضى والمصابين بشكل فعال. يضمن الحصار أنه حتى في غياب النشاط العسكري، يبقى السكان تحت الحصار.

يخلق الوضع مفارقة حيث يشاهد العالم كارثة إنسانية تتكشف، ومع ذلك فإن الآليات اللازمة لإيقافها مشلولة بالحواجز السياسية واللوجستية. لم تكن الحاجة إلى تدخل فوري لرفع هذه القيود أكثر إلحاحًا من أي وقت مضى.

الخسائر البشرية

خلف الإحصائيات توجد أفراد أُطفئت حياتهم بسبب مزيج من العنف والإهمال. وفاة Ellen Gainsford الحديثة، التي تم الإبلاغ عنها جنبًا إلى جنب مع هذه الأحداث، تضيف إلى القائمة المتزايدة للضحايا. كل رقم يمثل عائلة ممزقة ومستقبلًا مدمرًا.

يتم اختبار مرونة شعب غزة إلى حدودها المطلقة. يُجبرون على التنقل في منظر للخراب، وتجنب تساقط الحجارة بينما يحاولون إبقاء عائلاتهم دافئة. العبء النفسي للخوف والألم المستمر هو ثقل ثقيل يحمله المجتمع بصمت.

بينما يراقب المجتمع الدولي، تبقى الحقيقة على الأرض هي معاناة عميقة. لم يجلب وقف إطلاق النار السلام، بل مجرد تغيير في طبيعة التهديد الذي يواجه شعب غزة.

نظرة إلى الأمام

ترسم أحداث الأسبوع الماضي صورة قاتلة لأزمة إنسانية تتعمق، وليس تستقر. الوفيات التي تسبب فيها انخفاض درجات الحرارة هي نتيجة مباشرة للحصار ودمار المساكن، مما يثبت أن وقف إطلاق النار وحده غير كافٍ لحماية الأرواح المدنية.

إلى أن يرفع الحصار للسماح بتدفق المساعدات الإنسانية - وتحديدًا مواد المأوى والبطانيات والمستلزمات الطبية - من المرجح أن يرتفع عدد القتلى. يجب أن تزداد الضغوط الدولية لمعالجة هذه الأسباب الجذرية إذا كان الهدف هو منع المزيد من خسارة الأرواح.

في النهاية، يخدم الوضع في غزة كتذكير صارخ بأن نهاية القتال النشط هو مجرد الخطوة الأولى في تأمين السلامة للسكان. بدون دعم فوري وقوي لإعادة البناء والبقاء على قيد الحياة، يبقى شعب غزة في رحمة بيئة قاتلة.

أسئلة متكررة

ما سبب الوفيات في غزة رغم وقف إطلاق النار؟

على الرغم من تقليل العمليات العسكرية، يموت السكان بسبب انخفاض درجات الحرارة بسبب درجات الحرارة المتجمدة وافتقار المأوى الكافي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أفاد اليونيسف بمقتل أكثر من 100 طفل جراء العمليات العسكرية منذ بدء الهدنة، مما يشير إلى أن العنف لم يتوقف بالكامل.

لماذا يعجز السكان عن إيجاد مأوى آمن؟

تبقى العديد من المباني غير آمنة هيكلياً بعد القصف الإسرائيلي، مما أجبر الناس على البقاء في خيام مؤقتة. توفر هذه الخيام حماية قليلة ضد الطقس القاسي، مما يؤدي إلى وفيات بسبب التعرض للعوامل الجوية وحوادث مثل انهيار الجدران.

كيف يؤثر الحصار على الأزمة؟

يعيق الحصار وصول المساعدات الإنسانية الأساسية، بما في ذلك مواد بناء الملاجئ المناسبة والملابس الدافئة والمستلزمات الطبية. هذه القيود هي العامل الرئيسي وراء ارتفاع عدد القتلى من أسباب يمكن الوقاية منها.

ما هو الوضع الحالي للأطفال في غزة؟

يعد الأطفال من الفئات الأكثر ضعفًا، حيث أفاد اليونيسف بمقتل أكثر من 100 طفل منذ بدء وقف إطلاق النار. يواجهون تهديدات من العمليات العسكرية المستمرة والمخاطر البيئية مثل انخفاض درجات الحرارة.

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Economics

Welcome to the era of the megamanager

Middle managers are taking on more direct reports after the "Great Flattening." dowell/Getty Images The average number of reports for managers is increasing as the "Great Flattening" persists. Companies looking to cut costs are eliminating managers for efficiency and leaner bureaucracy. The right mix of leadership responsibilities and individual contributor tasks can mitigate manager burnout. The great middle manager flattening is in full swing, and those who remain are seeing their dominions balloon. It's the era of the megamanager, driven by cost cutting, leaner bureaucracy, and slow hiring. A new Gallup survey reveals how teams are evolving and the factors that contribute to manager burnout. Managers' average number of reports — their "span of control" — has grown over the past year, rising from 10.9 in 2024 to 12.1 in 2025. It's also a marked increase from pre-pandemic levels; in 2013, managers had an average of 8.2 people reporting to them, and by 2019, this number had increased to around 9. Are you a manager with 25 or more direct reports, or have been asked to take on more reports in the "Great Flattening?" Contact this reporter at jkaplan@businessinsider.com. That's driven primarily by an increase in teams with 25 or more people, which saw a two percentage point rise over the past year. Around 13% of managers have 25 or more direct reports. At the same time, 97% of managers are taking on individual contributor work that falls outside of their leadership purview. "I don't think increasing span of control blindly is going to work very effectively if those conditions aren't taken into account," Jim Harter, Gallup's chief scientist of workplace management and well-being, said of the balance between individual contributor tasks and leadership responsibilities. In recent years, layoffs at firms like Intel, Amazon, and Meta have trimmed middle managers to rectify what they viewed as excessive layers of bureaucracy. "Having fewer managers will remove layers and flatten organizations more than they are today," Amazon CEO Andy Jassy wrote in a 2024 memo. "If we do this work well, it will increase our teammates' ability to move fast, clarify and invigorate their sense of ownership." How to flatten management the right way Flattening management layers is a concept that experts previously told Business Insider is sound, provided that remaining managers have support, training, and the right mix of responsibilities. In 2024, Yvonne Lee-Hawkins, a middle manager, told Business Insider that she had gone from managing zero to 21 direct reports and ultimately quit due to burnout. "Our meetings became transactional because we only had time to discuss the most urgent issues," Lee-Hawkins said. "We no longer had time to get to know each other, ask questions, seek advice, or work on career development." What's key in trimming layers, as the Gallup survey illustrates, is how engaged workers already feel, and how these new megamanagers spend their time. For instance, managers who spend less time on individual contributor work — tasks outside their leadership duties — typically have more engaged teams, regardless of the team's size. "When you have employees increasingly detached from their employer, and then you suddenly start increasing span of control without putting the right conditions in place, I think you run a risk because they're already increasingly feeling detached," Harter said. "We found that managers that have at least one weekly meaningful conversation with each employee do substantially better." Tanuj Deora, a Gen X vice president for deployment at clean energy firm Sparkfund, said that the trend around being more "thoughtful" about bureaucratic structure within companies has value. He's held management roles since the late 1990s, advising on structures for teams of up to 50. He said it's essential to consider a manager's level of experience. "If they're relatively new managers, you probably want to give them five or six people. You want to give them a couple of people," Deora said. Gallup's Harter said that there are often two reasons someone becomes a manager: They're a strong individual contributor, or they have a long tenure at their company. However, neither of those factors necessarily relates to how effective they'll be in a managerial role. "What happens is in organizations, people stay a while, and they feel a need to promote people continually. And the avenue for promotion tends to be, we're going to give you a managerial role because it tends to be associated with more money and status," Harter said. "I would say the most effective organizations think about how they create high-status individual contributor roles so that people don't feel like they have to become a manager to be effective." Read the original article on Business Insider

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إيران تسرع في تنفيذ حكم الإعدام بحق المتظاهر إيرفان سולטاني
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إيران تسرع في تنفيذ حكم الإعدام بحق المتظاهر إيرفان سולטاني

إيرفان سולטاني، 26 عاماً، تم اعتقاله في منزله في فارديس في 8 يناير. بعد أربعة أيام، أ authorities أبلغت عائلته بصدور وتأكيد حكم إعدام ضده.

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